As it leaves the European Union, the UK must ensure that its agricultural standards remain high and robust, its farm supports reflect the popular desire for greater equity and incentives for deep environmental stewardship, and its regulatory process is not overly controlled by private interests. In turn, the United States will need to find ways…
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My results indicate that this hypothesis was supported by the data from my comparative sample
Those producers then quite often take on additional standalone certifications at the behest of their retailer partners. In cases such as these where a farmer in my sample was certified to multiple standards, I have simplified the information I present by analyzing them based on the standalone standard they follow, on the assumption that that…
The complex interactions of actors at multiple layers of food safety regulation are still incompletely understood
Research suggests that for optimal outcomes in the food system, public standards may need to be strengthened in conjunction with the implementation of robust private standards . Evidence from outside the food system suggests that non-governmental regulatory efforts achieve their best outcomes when the background public regulatory controls also strengthen over time; comparative research among US,…
Structural factors in the leafy greens supply chain also increase risk
While this arrangement reduces the costliness of regulation from the perspective of states, it is uncertain whether governance accomplished with the assistance of these private actors can reliably deliver better outcomes, and if this governance system can be considered adequate from the perspectives of conflict of interest and robust accountability .Fresh lettuces and salad greens…
The information of clouds is represented by simple cloud cover fractions or cloud modification factors
The modeling results enable direct calculation of the equilibrium temperature and cooling efficiency of passive cooling devices in terms of meteorological conditions observed at the surface level.The solar irradiance is emitted by the Sun while atmospheric lonwave irradiance is emitted by gases and surfaces at a temperature of 200 to 320 K. Figure 1.1 plots…
The model fitted to the cattle movement data and employed to assess control and preventive measures
MAP is difficult to eradicate from a herd, because the pathogen persists in the environment for a long time. Upon infection with MAP, cattle undergo an asymptomatic period which can last for years. As the disease advances, an infected cow eventually becomes overtly symptomatic with decreased milk production, persistent diarrhea, and despite having no changes…
Does experiential learning focused on action actually result in improved learning outcomes
What remains a challenge both nationally and at Lowell is building optimism around our ability to solve climate change: only 8% of youth agreed that we can and will do something to mitigate climate change in a recent study , and a mere 5% of Lowell students indicated they believe their generation will solve climate…
The most common form of civic participation in UA is through volunteer activities on urban farms
Many of these efforts have potential to address many city priorities at once, for example: food access, nutrition and fitness, transportation, community development and crime reduction . Providing land access for low-income and minority farmers is an important step towards ensuring a food supply that is culturally appropriate, desirable, and marketable to food insecure urban…
There has been a proliferation of articles citing the multifaceted array of benefits attributed to urban agriculture
If the county is able to more holistically account for the value streams generated by local farms, it will become easier to justify commitment of staff and funds to support the goals of successfully transitioning, protecting, and sustaining the progress made on local farms for future generations . Tax revenues from vacation rentals, for example,…
The mobile processing unit is USDA-inspected and greatly reduces costs from transporting animals off island for slaughter
Settlers from the Midwest arrived with cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens, and by 1908 Lopez had a commercial creamery shipping 1,500 lbs of butter each month to the mainland. By the 1920s the islands reach a high in number of farms and farmland, with 566 farmers and over 68,000 acres in production, largely for homesteading…