The additive method comprises the increase in the number of weeds, keeping constant the number of crop plants, and the analysis of the variables is given by regression. The substitutive method, in contrast, provides that the final population is constant being a given plant substituted by other of the opposite species when it disappears.For the…
Ethalfluralin is not currently registered for use in any market class of dry bean in Ontario
Ethalfluralin has been reported to be a more active herbicide than trifluralin . Ethalfluralin and trifluralin co-applied with halosulfuron can provide effective broad-spectrum control of common annual grass and broadleaf weeds in white bean production in Ontario. However, limited information is available on comparing the efficacy of trifluralin and ethalfluralin applied alone and in combination…
Defense against pathogenic fungi has also been implicated as a factor in betalain evolution
Betalains are water-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds derived from tyrosine and have important functions in plants. They are distributed among ten plant families belonging to the order, Caryophyllales and are divided into two groups: red betacyanins and yellow betaxanthins The most commonly occurring betacyanin, i.e., betanin, occurs mainly in red beet Numerous betalains have been identified and…
Investigations into the quantitative aspects of whole plants can be conducted using growth analysis techniques
Some carabids , increased in abundance during the reproductive stages of weeds and showed low or no preference for A. gemmatalis larvae . Such behavior might suggest that those carabid species prefer to feed on weed seeds. By contrast, the populations of A. basistriata, C. granulatum, G. brasiliensis, O. nodicornis, and Scarites spp. decreased during…
It is substantially different from both traditional flooded rice cultivation and rain-fed rice cultivation
As there are currently ten ALS inhibitor-resistant weed species in Ontario, dry bean growers will have difficulty controlling these weeds without another mode of action . This study aimed to determine the tolerance of white bean to tank mixes of sulfentrazone + s-metolachlor + halosulfuron and to determine if a low dose of halosulfuron added…
Sample collection is based on a bootstrap procedure with replacement
The current study’s results support the tendency of herbicide treated plots’ soil temperatures to have a more direct relationship with local air temperatures, whereas mulched plots were more insulated to ambient conditions . Generally, landscape fabric and woodchip mulch tended to perform similarly, having high August temperatures and the ability to retain higher soil temperatures…
Such animals had inflamed udder and subsequently suffered from fever and rashes
This phenomenon was attributed to 2,4-D which stimulates uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation in treated plants. This may have also skewed the control data on the larger sicklepod plants which would lower the control rating by 2,4-D alone treatments and to a lesser extent, the dicamba alone treatments. These effects were not observed with the…
Spring applied triasulfuron & dicamba controlled wild buckwheat 94%
This leads to decreased levels of plastoquinone in plant tissue and reduced photosynthetic yield . Indirect inhibition of phytoene desaturase as a consequence of blocked plastoquinone biosynthesis subsequently leads to a decrease in carotenoids and consequently prevents stabilization of the photosynthetic apparatus so that chlorophyll molecules are destroyed by excessive light energy. Inhibition of HPPD…
Optimization was an active research field many decades ago and is still today
The bio-fertilizers, being alternative low-cost plant nutrient resources have gained prime importance in recent decades and they play a vital role in maintaining long term soil fertility sustenance. The SSNM avoids indiscriminate use of nutrients by preventing excessive and/or inadequate nutrient inputs and helps to maintain soil health over a long period of time. The…
The thick mat formed by the weed covers the water surface and blocks light penetration into the water
These authors found that densities as low as 1 weed plant per linear m−1 is enough to significantly reduce crop yield. Beltrano and Caldiz found similar results, caused by different densities of Johnson grass . The latter authors found that 17, 34 and 51 plants∙m−2 of Johnson grass decreased tuber yield by 80%, 85% and…