By collecting samples immediately after and 30 min. after TSST onset, we were able to collect saliva samples when cortisol levels were expected to increase post-TSST and increased our chances of capturing peak cortisol response in line with previous guidelines . Samples were frozen at -80oC and later thawed and assayed in duplicate using commercially…
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The developing brain is not thoroughly studied due to ethical concerns
The prevalence of substance use in the past three months was: 47% for cannabis, 33% for cocaine, 29% for methamphetamine, 26% for hallucinogens, 19% for sedatives, 13% for prescription opioids, 12% for street opioids, 10% for prescription stimulants, 7% for inhalants, and 3% reported the use of other substances, including: “belladonna”, “Hawaiian plant”, “native ritualistic…
Mediators can be defined as mechanisms through which one variable might achieve its effects
It was demonstrated that individuals at CHR report significantly more trauma and bullying than healthy controls. Further, those CHR subjects who experienced past trauma and bullying are more likely to have increased levels of depression and anxiety and a poorer sense of self. Importantly, higher levels of total childhood trauma were demonstrated to be associated…
We also found no evidence of increased risk of nephrotoxicity from concomitant use of PrEP and cocaine
We found that participants who tested positive for cocaine, particularly individuals with levels indicative of moderate to heavy use, had higher rates of disengagement from PrEP care. Marcus and colleagues found a similar pattern in their study of PrEP patients in an integrated healthcare system.In that study, patients with a documented history of drug use…
It is possible that individuals may have experienced other traumatic events that we did not measure
Appointment adherence is the percentage of scheduled clinical appointments that were actually attended in the six months prior to the study visit. First, we generated descriptive statistics to summarize the baseline data. Second, we used bivariate linear and logistic regression analysis to examine relationships between trauma and various indicators of health. Third, we used bivariate linear…
They urge to creation of a universally unique and anonymous identifier to allow such linkages
A larger sample size can help clarify the results. Third, because the sample was naturalistic and included veterans with other comorbid non-PTSD and non-alcohol use disorders and concurrent medication use , such broad inclusion/exclusion criteria may have contributed to some of the non-significant findings given in Tables III and IV. A future study with more…
Various pandemic-related situational factors may differentially affect substance use problems
Participants also reported substantial amounts of substance use. On the NIDA Quick Screen, 69% of participants reported binge drinking, 78% tobacco use, 29% prescription drugs for non-medical reasons, and 51% illegal drugs in the past year. Of the 55 participants who reported use of illegal drugs or of prescription drugs for nonmedical reasons on the…
Its manualized treatment protocol ensures fidelity when the model is implemented in different settings
Genes that are differentially methylated from fetal to neonatal life stage include DRD2, NOS1, SOX10 and DNMT1, all of which have been previously found to be associated with schizophrenia. We also found DNMT1, NOS1 and SOX10 to be differentially methylated in brain tissue from patients with schizophrenia. However, after adjusting for age and autolysis, DRD2…
Physical activity decreases emotional stress and improves physical and psychological health
In the narrative excerpt above, her motivation was explicit and her logic clear when her father proved unresponsive to her telephone call. In semiotic terms, cutting was a concrete bodily hurt that stood as a sign, the object of which was her emotional hurt, and the interpretant of which was her need for emotional connection.…
Quikaine targets the neural system by increasing the speed of ion transfer between synaptic gaps
American providers – steeped in the Twelve Step tradition – recoil at the phrase “harm reduction” – but it is a service that they can and often do perform quite well. Perhaps the most socially beneficial treatment modality is one that some are reluctant to view as treatment at all – methadone maintenance for heroin…