All posts in March 2025

Seed companies frequently treat seeds with an insecticide and several fungicides to control seedling pests and diseases to ensure good stand establishment. A mixture of seed treatments includes the insecticide Cruiser 5FS and the fungicides Dynasty , Bion , or Plenaris for downy mildew, Maxim for Fusarium, and Apron XL for Rhizoctonia, Pythium and Phytophthora.The pustules turn black with…

Separate models were additionally used for each of the Neochetina spp. Stepwise model simplification was performed using likelihood ratio tests. Differences across collection sites were compared, based on 95% CI, using Tukey’s posthoc test in the “multcomp” package . To determine whether the number of individuals released affects genetic diversity, we examined the number of weevils imported…

Traits in California weedy rice plants that mimic both medium-grain and gourmet specialty cultivars include erect leaf angles, cleft ligule shape, culm strength , green node color, panicle exertion , and ligule pubescence .Crop traits in weedy rice specific to co-occurring medium-grain cultivars include basal leaf sheath color and hull color . Crop traits grouping weedy rice with gourmet…

To determine host resistance to plant parasite P. aegyptiaca, we used a pot system containing soil infested with P. aegyptiaca seeds. In the current study, concomitant with the decrease of SL content, there were significant decreases in the number of parasite tubercles and shoots growing on tomato lines 1, 2, 5 and 11 relative to the control treatment…

Moreover, while California weedy rice shares some similarity to weedy rice from the southern US at several loci as expected with a similar genetic background, divergence at few specific loci highlights changes required for California weedy rice to thrive in this novel agricultural system. If weedy rice in California is newly derived from a temperate japonica crop ancestor in…

Individual digitized CIR images provided clues about weed patch distribution that could be used by land managers in preliminary assessments to identify suspect areas to investigate on the ground. In March CIR images, for example, vegetation patches associated with forage dominated ground truth points generally appeared greener than those associated with weed-dominated points . In May CIR imagery, the…

Raffaelli et al., used a steaming machine that uses a negative pressure steam technique that involves applying steam to the top 10 cm of the soil underneath a tarp into the soil. A fan is also used creating suction through polypropene tubes buried in the soil . The negative pressure technique does a better job in…

Glyphosate was used as a broad-spectrum, non-selective herbicide for nearly 40 years, with few concerns about resistance until the mid- 1990s. A number of factors have combined to increase the selection pressure for glyphosate-resistant weeds in several cropping systems. These include an increase in reduced- or no-tillage systems that depend on preplant weed control with…

Rice yields in weed-firee plots were the same across all three irrigation systems in both 2013 and 2014 . Since there was no year by irrigation system interaction, data were pooled and analyzed over years. There was a significant decrease in yield in 2014, but this was found across all three irrigation systems, and may…

Rapid adaptation post-introduction could be necessary for successful establishment and persistence or might catalyze increased spread or impacts on native ecosystems . Indeed, many of the traits posited to characterize invasive species, by Baker and others more recently, show evolutionary change post-invasion . Several examples of rapid adaptation come from studies of invasive species . In…