All posts in October 2024

The concept of structural vulnerability is crucial not only to refine anthropological analyses of the social production of suffering but also to reorient medical and public health attention away from individual behaviors and toward social structures.Growing and preparing food are fundamental to virtually all human societies, forming the basis of both cultural traditions and social…

Figure 1 summarizes the spatial distribution of all farms based on PCA results with PC 1 as the x-axis and PC 2 as the y-axis. As shown in Figure 3, the results of the nearest neighbor analysis order each farm from 1 to 13, and provide a basis for visualization of the gradient in management.…

To determine drivers of this variation, we explored key predictors for soil N cycling and found that SOM indicators influenced gross N mineralization and nitrification rates, in particular gross nitrification rates. Each of the four indicators for soil organic matter used in this study—total soil N, total organic C, POXC, and soil protein—showed a strong…

Therefore, the indication of trees cultivated within the milpas at Cerén suggests that the ancient farmers valued the contributions of forest ecosystems within agriculture. Cerén’s agricultural fields were dynamic and incorporated a variety of species that were likely encouraged to grow and utilized for a variety of reasons, not just for food. It is possible…

Such extraordinary preservation provides an opportunity to not only understand what plant species the ancient inhabitants of this village utilized in their daily lives, but also how the villagers perceived and managed their landscape . The preservation from the rapid deposition of volcanic ash results in the archaeological visibility of flora that were either growing…

Yield models and BER models treated weekly harvests as repeated measures, adding random effects of plot within block and harvest number. For hurdle models, random effects were treated as correlated between the conditional and hurdle portions of the model. Because PDW was measured at three time points, the initial PDW model treated the time points as…

Running the models with each variable removed, I confirmed that one was not masking the effect of another in any of the cities. Finally, in order to assess whether OLS or spatial models would be more appropriate, I ran Lagrange multiplier tests following Anselin et al. . Lagrange multiplier tests consistently indicated that spatial modeling…

In this chapter, I draw on historical datasets developed from review of organizational documents for each city to conduct a longitudinal spatial analysis of garden accessibility. To fully understand who is benefitting most from community gardens, multiple types of data ought to be considered. Ethnographic research or extensive surveys would be needed to determine who…

Working in partnership with the City of Milwaukee, the MMSD and the Fund for Lake Michigan have invested billions of dollars to expand both “grey” and “green” infrastructure for storm water management—not only increasing the capacity of pipes and underground storage tanks, but also adding trees and bio-swales and preserving open spaces so that more rainwater…

Nevertheless, an ethic of straightforward and transparent policy making in the interest of the general public has endured from the days of sewer socialism, contributing to the development of some bottom-up governance infrastructure. One notable element of the city’s governance infrastructure that serves to actualize resident ideas is the Community Improvement Projects program administered by the Neighborhood…